Notes+for+Cinematography+Todd+Hansen

Static Set like a stage Creates wall between us and the action Shows order and tranquility Creates a lack of mobility socially and physically Sets audience as observer Manipulate the 3 dimensions to express the area in 2 dimensions Lens Perspective The human’s eye has 180 degrees of peripheral vision And 40 degrees of foveal vision 24-35mm is idea to humans eye (in aps-c or super 35 but 35-50mm in 35mm photo film and sensor so basically for us 24-35mm) Wide angle creates more depth and separation between for ground and back A longer lens is used to create more compression Making the 3 dimensions look more 2 dimensional Wide-angle lenses have less depth of field because of the ratio between aperture and focal length Deep Focus Shutting down the aperture Allow people to see everything in the scene Shutting down lenses all the way can cause lens deformities to be more prominent Compression of Space Using longs lenses to make everything look closer Creates intensity Creates shallower depth of field Isolates characters Movement back and forth is less visible Because of film and its history it makes people look like they are moving faster as are minds adapt Manipulating perspective Using the wide-angle lens you see where they are and separates the characters from the setting The longer lens makes them look closer making them seem more emotionally closer Selective Focus The smaller the film or sensor is the less shallow depth of field it has because it crops and basically zooms in leaving the same depth of field but at a longer focal length Focus can be pulled during a shot causing a change in the focus of the frame. With tracking shots because of the movement focus is necessary When having multiple characters the aperture might have to be stopped down to have more in focus Filtration Use soft filters for beauty and allow light to bend around objects Creates more cinematic look Soft lenses Older lenses tend to be softer to fake shallow depth of field Flare light that hits the lens and refracts and diffracts through the lens making it bounce of the elements creating a flare Frame rate 24p is the cinematic standard for video with 30p in the US and 25p international Using faster rates will cause slow motion if you play them at the standard 24p Using slower rates will cause time lapses when played at the standard 24p Slow speed blur Videos shutter is always run at two times faster than the frame rate (180 degrees) if used at the same length as the frame rate it will cause unusual blurs (90 degrees) Shutter Angle 180 degrees is the standard for natural motion blur Slower causes more motion blur and faster causes less motion blur (not applicable our cameras use shutter speed) In our camera you use a shutter speed of 2x the frame rate for natural blur Faster causes less motion blur Slower causes more motion blur Fast is used in action to create more intensity and exaggerate motion Slower frame rates might be used for scenes that have slower motion to make it look less still Time-lapse When using a slower frame rate and playing it at the natural 24p you will have a time lapse Calculated using Amount of frames / 24p = length