Vertigo

Scene at Ernie’s: -The diegetic sound of people chattering and cutlery clanging is slowly reduced and the non-diegetic sound of music is put into the scene.
 * 1.Emphasis on Music**

This scene is so effective as it eliminates all the distractions of the restaurant and focuses on the couple. The music, along with the camera push, helps no narrow the perspective of the audience as part of Hitchcock’s control over the audience. Furthermore, it serves as a smooth transition from setting up the scene and setting of Ernie’s and going back to the plot.

Both scenes at the museum where hangs the painting of Carlotta Valdes: During both scenes, the same music is played. I believe it gives the audience a “familiar music” and enable them to connect with the location without as much establishing shots. It also has the same shot

Scene of the church The stairs are used so effectively to communicate a different level or world. It can be seen in “Psycho” where Hitchcock is able to create suspense in ascending to the world of Norman Bates. In “Vertigo”, the use of stairs communicates the motif of fear of heights. It literally shows that Scottie is stepping out of his comfort zone and bringing his fear to a whole new “step”. Through the cuts and shots, it gives Hitchcock a control over the audience, acting as a puppeteer of suspense. This obvious style of Hitchcock is evident in all of his films and is made use of through the scenes where the connection of two characters is involved. This element has allowed the audience to be part of the chase, and to see through the lens of the characters. In combinations with the close ups of the character, we have a similar reaction as that of the character. Scene of Scottie following Madeleine into the room full of flowers.
 * 2.Use of stairs:**
 * 3. Point of view shots**
 * 4. Voyeurism-**

The entire “spying and chasing” of Madeleine itself is a form of voyeur, but I believe this scene reflects the most on Hitchcock’s voyeuristic style. Through the audience role as a voyeur, we get a peak of a whole new world of Madeleine, and gives us a connection between Scottie’s and the audience’s perspective. It also leads us and Scottie, dumbfounded into the mastermind scheme of Gavin.

Throughout the film, Hitchcock uses countless cross fades from scene to scene and from location to location. This element allows the film to flow smoothly and have a progress steadily. It also communicates that time passes, allowing the establishing shots or time to get to one place to another to be eliminated. It ultimately enables the audience to be a part of Scottie’s pursuit in a concise and suspenseful manner.
 * 5. Editing**

Mirrors: Scene at Ernie’s when they walk out The use of mirrors help to explore the theme of duplicity as the mirror is a symbol of two sidedness. Windows: Scene where they have a court procedure Similarly as the mirrors, Hitchcock uses windows with symbolism. I believe that in this case, the window symbolizes new light to be shed on the unfortunate incident and a new outlook that Scottie will have.
 * 6. Mise Sen Scene**

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Dramatic irony is used in the plot of the films. In “Vertigo”, the audience realizes that there were “two Madeleines” before Scottie figures it out. This again forces the audience to be in a spectator role as we anticipate how things would play out. This could be seen in North By Northwest, where we know that Roger Thornhill was mistaken as George Kaplan. And it can also be seen in Psycho, when we realize that Norman Bates and his mother are basically the same person.=====

**8. Color **
It was said that Hitchcock started to focus on color in the later films he made. This is evident in the setting of the scenes and the overall contrast and saturation of the film. There are mainly two colors: red and blue/green, this can be seen in the color of the clothing and also the lighting. Another thing is that the color is sometimes very saturated, a good example could be the scene with all the flowers. The scene is very saturated and it just reflects upon how Scottie desires to live the dream like life with Madeleine. Furthermore, at the beginning of the film, there is a desaturated shot that involves a familiar image from the very start of the film to express his fear of heights. This choice is effective to characterize a dark past of him being a detective.

The extreme close ups help the audience to identify with important elements of the film, such as the flower, the necklace and the spiral. All these elements are all important for the audience to understand the plot, as we are then able to make the connections that Scottie makes, such as the similarity of the spiral on the back of their heads. And the flower, which is identical to what Carlotta was holding in the painting. Lastly, the necklace makes the connection between the painting and Judy Barton. Along with the pushes with a match on idea (not a cut but a camera movement)
 * 9. Extreme Close ups**

There are many camera movements in the film, such as the push and pull. They are all used effectively and the movements help the audience to understand the character. For example, there are a number of pushes on Madeleine as Scottie gets to know her and uncover her dreams. In addition, there is a push on Scottie at Ernie's where he is at the bar at the same place he was when he was following Madeleine the first time. While for the pull, one of the most effective pulls is during the match on idea cut of the necklace. There was a push on the necklace and then it cut to a pull of the necklace in the painting. The cut effectively emphasizes the relation and the pull from the necklace in the painting shows that he has pieced back the puzzle and that he can look at the big picture.
 * 10. Camera movements:**